[1]陈泽瑞,吴 欣,胡厚鹏,等.质子交换膜燃料电池的动态建模与多变量协同控制[J].机械与电子,2026,44(01):111-119.
　CHEN Zerui,WU Xin,HU Houpeng,et al.Dynamic modeling and multivariable cooperative control of proton Exchange membrane fuel cells[J].Machinery & Electronics,2026,44(01):111-119.
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质子交换膜燃料电池的动态建模与多变量协同控制()
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《机械与电子》[ISSN:1001-2257/CN:52-1052/TH]

卷:
44
期数:
2026年01期
页码:
111-119
栏目:
电力控制
出版日期:
2026-01-27

文章信息/Info

Title:
Dynamic modeling and multivariable cooperative control of proton Exchange membrane fuel cells
文章编号:
1001-2257(2026)01-0111-09
作者:
陈泽瑞1; 吴 欣1; 胡厚鹏1; 杨 尚1; 杨濡蔓2
(1.贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,贵州 贵阳 550002;
2.贵州电网有限责任公司信息中心,贵州 贵阳 550002)
Author(s):
 CHEN Zerui1; WU Xin1; HU Houpeng1; YANG Shang1; YANG Ruman2
 (1.Electric Power Research Institute,Guizhou Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550002,China;
2.Information Center,Guizhou Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550002,China)
关键词:
 ; 质子交换膜燃料电池; 动态建模; 瞬态响应; 控制策略; 反步法
Keywords:
proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC); dyamic modeling; transient response; controlstrategy; backstepping method
分类号:
TM911.4
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
针对质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）在多变工况下所面临的动态响应滞后、系统耦合强及控制稳定性差等问题，研究PEMFC系统的动态建模与多变量优化控制。基于Simuli＜x＞nk平台，构建了涵盖供氢、供气、加湿与热管理等关键子系统的多物理耦合数学模型，精准描述PEMFC在典型负载扰动下的非线性行为与多时间尺度响应特征。基于此，提出了一种融合PID与反步法的混合控制策略，阳极的压力控制采用反步法，实现阳极压力与阴极压力的动态匹配，阴极氧气过量比与电堆温度控制采用PID控制器，实现氧气利用率与冷却效率的双重优化。结果表明，该混合控制策略在应对负载扰动和系统耦合方面具有良好的鲁棒性与控制精度，阳极压力控制误差小于2.6%，温度稳定在60~80℃，进、出口水温差小于5℃。
Abstract:
To address the challenges faced by proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) under highly variable operating conditions, such as dynamic response delays, strong system coupling, and weak control stability. This study focuses on the dynamic modeling and multivariable optimal control of PEMFC systems. A multi-physics coupled mathematical model, incorporating key subsystems such as hydrogen supply, air supply, humidification, and thermal management, was developed on the Simuli＜x＞nk platform. This model fully accurately captures the characterization of PEMFC nonlinear behavior and multi-timescale response under typical load disturbances. ba＜x＞sed on this model, a hybrid control strategy integrating PID control with the backstepping method is proposed. The backstepping controller is employed for anode pressure control, achieving dynamic matching between anode and cathode pressures. Meanwhile, PID controllers are applied to regulate the cathode oxygen excess ratio and stack temperature, optimizing both oxygen utilization and cooling efficiency. Results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid control strategy exhibits excellent robustness and control precision under load disturbances and strong coupling conditions, maintaining anode pressure control errors below 2.6%, stabilizing stack temperatures between 60–80°C, and keeping the temperature difference between inlet and outlet cooling water less than 5°C.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
 收稿日期:2025-09-26
基金项目:中国南方电网有限责任公司科技项目(GZKJXM20240009)
作者简介:陈泽瑞 (1995-),男,贵州铜仁人,硕士,工程师,研究方向为氢能储用和电力安全技术;吴 欣 (1976-),男,浙江金华人,
高级工程师,研究方向为电力北斗、物联网技术应用及信息化管理,通信作者,E mail:905746@qq.com。
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-04-27